The Charges in the Mueller Investigation

In the nine months since Robert Mueller was appointed to oversee the investigation into possible links between the Trump campaign and Russian officials, he has issued more than 100criminal counts against 19 people and three companies. Of the 19 people, four — including three Trump associates — have pleaded guilty. Thirteen are Russians accused of meddling in the 2016 presidential election.

Here is an assessment of the charges and the people facing them in the special counsel investigation.

— Pleaded Guilty and Known to Be Cooperating

Papadopoulos, a former foreign policy adviser to the Trump campaign, pleaded guilty Oct. 5 to lying to the FBI about a conversation with a professor during which he was told that Moscow had “dirt” on Hillary Clinton and “thousands of emails,” according to court records.

Papadopoulos initially told investigators he met with the professor, who has known ties to the Kremlin, before he joined the Trump campaign. In fact, the meeting happened days after he became a campaign adviser, and he repeatedly tried to arrange meetings between Russian government officials and the Trump campaign.

He has been cooperating with the Mueller investigation since his arrest last July at Dulles Airport outside Washington. Papadopoulos was the first person to plead guilty in the inquiry.

Flynn, President Donald Trump’s first national security adviser, pleaded guilty in early December to lying to the FBI about conversations he had in 2016 with the Russian ambassador to the United States at the time, Sergei Kislyak. Prosecutors said that in separate conversations, Flynn discussed an upcoming United Nations Security Council vote over whether Israel should be condemned for building settlements and over sanctions President Barack Obama had issued against Russia.

Although his sentencing is delayed, court documents indicate Flynn will face zero to six months of prison time.

The first senior White House official to agree to a deal with prosecutors, Flynn has been cooperating with Mueller’s investigation. He said in a statement that the decision to cooperate and the guilty plea “reflect a decision I made in the best interests of my family and of our country.”

Pinedo, a Southern California computer science major, pleaded guilty in February to identity fraud after he created and sold fake bank accounts from 2014 through the end of 2017. While his indictment supported the charges Mueller brought against 13 Russian nationals for election meddling, a spokesman for the special counsel said prosecutors had “no evidence and there is no allegation he was a witting participant in the Russian efforts to interfere in U.S. elections and political processes.”

Pinedo has been cooperating with the Mueller investigation.

The son-in-law of a Russian billionaire and a lawyer who worked with the former Trump campaign aides Rick Gates and Paul Manafort, van der Zwaan pleaded guilty Tuesday to lying to prosecutors about a conversation he had with Gates in September 2016. Van der Zwaan, 33, a Dutch citizen and former lawyer in London for a powerful New York-based law firm — Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom — faces up to five years in prison.

It is unclear to what extent van der Zwaan is cooperating, but his plea agreement does not compel him to do so.

Gates, the former deputy chairman for Trump’s presidential campaign, pleaded guilty Friday to a pair of charges, conspiracy against the United States and lying to investigators. The plea deal came as Mueller was levying dozens of new charges of bank fraud and money laundering against Gates and Manafort, the campaign’s former chairman and a longtime associate of Gates.

The men were first indicted in October, and both pleaded not guilty. For nearly four months, Gates stood by that decision but said on Friday that “the reality of how long this legal process will likely take, the cost, and the circuslike atmosphere of an anticipated trial” had prompted a change of heart.

Gates also said he would cooperate with the special counsel’s investigation.

— Pleaded Not Guilty

Manafort faces dozens of counts of money laundering and bank fraud charges related to his work as a lobbyist and political consultant for Victor Yanukovych, the Russia-aligned former president of Ukraine who was ousted in 2014.

Since first being charged in October, Manafort has maintained his innocence and has sued the Justice Department, claiming Mueller has overstepped his authority as special counsel by bringing charges unrelated to Russian meddling in the 2016 election.

“Notwithstanding that Rick Gates pleaded today, I continue to maintain my innocence,” Manafort said in a statement Friday. “I had hoped and expected my business colleague would have had the strength to continue the battle to prove our innocence. For reasons yet to surface, he chose to do otherwise. This does not alter my commitment to defend myself against the untrue piled up charges contained in the indictments against me.”

— Others Charged

In a sprawling 37-page indictment, Mueller charged the 13 Russians with conspiracy to defraud the United States, and connected them with a four-year effort to undermine and influence the 2016 presidential election. The Russians — and the three companies that facilitated and funded their work — are accused of using social media, the identities of American citizens and politically charged topics to manipulate an already divisive campaign.

Three of the Russians were also indicted with conspiracy to commit wire fraud and bank fraud and five were also charged with aggravated identity theft.

None of the defendants were arrested, as Russia rarely extradites its citizens to the United States to face legal proceedings. But the indictments are designed to openly name and shame the Russians to make it difficult for them to continue to work or travel abroad. They also risk capture and extradition if they travel outside Russia.