Childhood depression and anxiety: What parents need to know
Childhood can be a time of joy and excitement, but it can also be a time of challenges. For some children, these challenges can manifest in the form of mental health problems such as depression and anxiety.
What are the signs of depression in children?
According to licensed clinical social worker at UNC Health, Jason Tuell, the signs of depression in children can be different from those in adults. Some common signs include:
- Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed.
- Refusing to attend school or dropping out of extracurricular activities.
- Increased irritability or aggressiveness.
- Isolation and quietness.
- Persistent sadness or feelings of hopelessness.
What are the signs of anxiety in children?
Anxiety in children can manifest in various ways, with behavioral and physical symptoms being the most common. Some common signs include:
- Excessive worry or fearfulness beyond what is considered normal for their age group.
- Physical symptoms such as headaches, stomachaches or trouble sleeping.
- Avoidance of certain activities or places due to intense fear.
- Constant need for reassurance or seeking out constant approval.
- Difficulty concentrating or acting withdrawn.
How can parents support their children with depression and anxiety?
If you are concerned that your child may be struggling with depression or anxiety, it is important to talk to them about it. Tuell suggests the following tips for parents:
- Emphasize that depression and anxiety are not the child's fault. Help them to understand that these are mental health conditions that can affect anyone, regardless of their age or circumstances.
- Validate and acknowledge their child's feelings and experiences. Let them know that it is okay to feel sad, anxious or scared.
- Encourage regular dialogue about emotions and mental health. This will help to create a safe space for your child to express their feelings and to learn about mental health.
- Utilize the ABC approach: make conversations adaptive, back-and-forth and child-driven. This means being flexible and responsive to your child's needs, and allowing them to lead the conversation.
- Avoid jumping directly into problem-solving. Instead, focus on listening to your child and providing them with emotional support.
What role do schools play in preventing and addressing depression and anxiety?
Schools play a crucial role in preventing and addressing depression and anxiety. Tuell emphasizes that schools should:
- Implement anti-bullying programs and policies to create a safe and inclusive environment for all students.
- Educate teachers, administrators, and staff about the signs of bullying and mental health challenges.
- Collaborate with mental health professionals and offer counseling services for students.
- Encourage open communication and peer support systems to combat isolation and stigmatization.
When should parents seek professional help?
If you are concerned that your child may be struggling with depression or anxiety, it is important to seek professional help. A mental health professional can assess your child's needs and develop a treatment plan.
Remember, you are not alone
There are many resources available to help parents support their children with depression and anxiety. Talk to your child's doctor, a mental health professional, or a support group for more information.
