North Carolina kicks off mail-in voting as requests spike

The 643,000 ballots requested in the initial wave in North Carolina were more than 16 times the number the state sent out at the same time four years ago. The requests came overwhelmingly from Democratic and independent voters, a reflection of a new partisan divide over mail-in voting.

The North Carolina numbers were one more bit of evidence backing up what experts have been predicting for months: Worries about the virus are likely to push tens of millions of voters to vote by mail for the first time, transforming the way the election is conducted and the vote is counted.

In 2016, just one-quarter of the electorate cast votes through the mail. This time, elections officials expect the majority of voters to do so. Wisconsin has already received nearly 100,000 more requests than it did in the 2016 election. In Florida, 3,347,960 people requested ballots during the 2016 election. The state has already received 4,270,781 requests.

While ballots go out in two weeks in other battlegrounds like Minnesota, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, all eyes are on North Carolina as it leads off.

Wake County accounts for about 110,000 absentee ballot requests so far – three times as many requests as in the entire 2016 election. This week, the office groaned under the twin stresses of record mail voting and the pandemic.

Workers in yellow vests and masks sit at folding tables spaced apart in a county warehouse, affixing address labels to envelopes and then putting the correct ballot for each voter inside, along with instructions and a return envelope with a special bar code.

After it’s double checked, it goes into bins to be picked up by the post office. There are dozens already waiting.

"I know the word 'unprecedented' is overused, but this is a truly unprecedented thing," he said.

When is your mail-in ballot actually counted? That depends, officials say

State elections officials have made changes due to the pandemic. The return envelope, for example, is more user friendly, and only one witness signature is required this year instead of two.

Sims said the witness information on the envelope has to be filled out correctly, or the ballot will be rejected. Also, voters do need to add the postage.

"It takes one first-class stamp to get that back," he said.

The increase in interest has come with an increase in partisan division.

The GOP has historically done well in North Carolina mail-in voting, but this year, the people asking for the ballots are not generally Republicans. Democrats requested more than 337,000 ballots, and independents 200,000, while only 103,000 were sought by Republicans.

Voters in the state can continue to request the ballots until Oct. 27, though that may be too close to the Nov. 3 election for them to receive the ballot and return it to their local elections office in time.

The Democratic lead in mail-in ballots isn't only in North Carolina. In Maine, 60% of requests for mail-in ballots have been made by Democrats and 22% by independents. In Pennsylvania, Democrats have requested nearly triple the number of absentee ballots as Republicans. In Florida, where the GOP once dominated mail-in voting, 47.5% of requests have come from Democrats and 32% from Republicans.

“These numbers are astronomical, and on top of that, there's these clear partisan differences,” said Michael McDonald, a political scientist at the University of Florida who tracks early voting.

The party split comes as President Donald Trump has derided mail-in ballots as vulnerable to fraud, even though multiple studies have debunked the notion. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended that mailing ballots would be a safer alternative to in-person voting during the pandemic.

The numbers in North Carolina and elsewhere suggest Republicans are listening to Trump, shying away from mail-in ballots while Democrats rush to use them.

The Democrats' advantage in mail-in voting won't necessarily translate into an advantage in the election, however. Ballots cast on Election Day are expected to be mostly Republican.

“Even if the Democrats build up a huge lead in the early vote ballot, I still need to see the Election Day votes, because that's going to be that red wave," McDonald said.

Tom Bonier, chief executive of the Democratic data firm Target Smart, agreed. But he's seen one hopeful indicator for his party – 16% of the mail-in ballot requests so far have been from voters who didn't vote in 2016. They're younger than typical absentee voters, as well.

“Seeing younger Democrats adapting to the technique is the first sign of a potential enthusiasm gap,” Bonier said, noting it won't be possible to know if the GOP catches up until Election Day.

Campaigns usually want their voters to cast ballots by mail because they can “bank” those early votes and focus their scarce resources on getting their remaining supporters to the polls on Election Day. Trump has complicated that effort among Republicans by repeatedly condemning mail-in voting, even though there has been no large-scale fraud in the five states that routinely mail ballots to all voters.

On Wednesday, while in North Carolina, the president suggested that supporters vote once by mail and a second time in person to test whether the system could weed out voter fraud. The executive director of the North Carolina State Board of Elections, Karen Brinson Bell, on Thursday warned that voting twice in the state is a felony, as is trying to induce someone to vote twice.

Republicans have tried to overcome Trump's open skepticism and persuade their own voters to use the absentee voting system. The North Carolina Republican Party, for example, has sent a series of mailers urging its voters to cast ballots through the system, accompanied by copies of Trump tweets with his criticism of mail-in voting edited out.

The message hasn't gotten through to Nona Flythe, 64, an unaffiliated voter who lives in Southport. She plans to vote a straight Republican ticket, in person, this year.

“I just think I’m stuck in my ways,” Flythe said. “I’ve always done it that way, and I think if I socially distance and wear a mask that it’s fine.”

Friday night, a phone call from Trump to voters in North Carolina addressed absentee-by-mail ballots. Michael Bitzer, a political scientist, posted the audio from the call to his Twitter account.

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AP reporters Sara Burnett in Chicago and Sarah Blake Morgan in Raleigh contributed to this report.