Mars rover 'sleeping' through massive dust storm
The Mars Exploration Rover (MER) Opportunity is asleep and waiting out a massive dust storm. Engineers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., last heard from the rover on June 10 when it briefly phoned home to report its status.
Posted — UpdatedThe storm was first discovered on June 3 by cameras aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and has grown to an area greater than that of North America and Russia combined as it passed over the Ares III landing site featured in the book "The Martian."
In reality, Martian storms are nothing like the one in the opening scenes of the movie.
"To raise dust off the Mars surface, you need wind speeds of about 30 meters per second, that's around 70 miles per hour," explained Rich Zurek, Mars Program Office chief scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). While we’d call those category 1 level winds here on Earth, it doesn’t work that way in Mars' thin atmosphere, about 1 percent of that of Earth’s. “You’re not going to be able to blow a spacecraft over," added Zurek.
Winds move larger particles on the surface, dislodging finer particles, lifting them into the atmosphere creating a thick haze of talcum powder-sized dust. Stronger winds in the upper atmosphere, fueled in part by convection or mixing of air due to the heat gathered from the sun by the dust, spread the storm.
The biggest threat to the rover is atmospheric opacity, or the amount of sunlight that makes it to the the ground. This is expressed by the greek letter tau on an exponential scale like that used to describe earthquakes here on Earth. Each step up is much stronger than the previous one.
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