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In Depth with Dan: Lumbees still wait for full federal recognition

The change of Fort Bragg to Fort Liberty is simple. The relationship of the federal government to North Carolina's Lumbee people is complicated.

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By
Dan Haggerty
, WRAL anchor/reporter

June 2, 2023 is a big day, as Fort Bragg officially becomes Fort Liberty.

The military post has long borne the name of Gen. Braxton Bragg. The Warrenton native was a Confederate general, and his name is being removed in favor of Fort Liberty as part of a national movement.

The Department of Defense is changing the names of nine Army bases, having decided that the United States shouldn’t have national symbols of security and pride named after men who waged war on the United States largely to protect and expand the slave trade.

The huge undertaking will be finalized Friday with a rather simple and symbolic act – the signs on the post will be changed from Fort Bragg to Fort Liberty.

It's simple because companies change signs all the time. It's pretty routine work.

It's symbolic in part because of the people doing the job.

The federal government issued the contract to Southeastern General Contractors – a company of people from the Lumbee Tribe – who have a very complicated relationship with the federal government.

That relationship was explored in the WRAL Documentary “People of the Dark Water” back in 1997.

It described the Lumbee Indians as the only Native American tribe recognized by the federal government that doesn’t get any of the benefits or independence granted to every other recognized tribe.

While that documentary was 26 years ago, nothing has changed.

John Lowery, chairman of Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina, represents more than 60,000 Lumbees, and he is actively working with Congress to effect that change.

“We have strong bi-partisan support in the US Congress on both sides of the aisle," he said.

“We are the only tribe in the entire country that is left in this limbo, in this legal limbo, that you are a tribe but you can not get the services and benefits. Now, there were a couple of other tribes that were done that way in the past, but every one of those have been rectified.”

The Lumbee Fairness act, introduced by N.C. Sen. Thom Tillis, is currently making its way through Congress. It was referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and there it sits.
It would be a major step to full recognition – which means a government-to-government relationship with the United States – the Lumbee’s would self-govern. If you’ve ever wondered why certain tribes have casinos in states where gambling is illegal, like North Carolina, or why tribes made their own rules during the COVID-19 pandemic – that’s why.

Federal recognition would also make the Lumbees eligible for certain legal protections, federal services and benefits that could change the face of Robeson and surrounding counties that the Lumbee tribe calls home.

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